O Modelo de Rutherford, também chamado de modelo atômico de Rutherford, átomo nuclear ou modelo planetário do átomo, se trata da descrição da estrutura dos átomos proposta em 1911 pelo físico nascido na Nova Zelândia Ernest Rutherford. O modelo descreve o átomo como um núcleo minúsculo, denso e carregado positivamente chamado de núcleo no qual quase toda a massa está concentrada, em torno do qual existem constituintes negativos chamados elétrons circulam a alguma distância como planetas girando em torno do Sol.
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